The Cask Of Amontillado, By Edgar Allan Poe - 1375 Words

Edgar Allan Poe, a well-known writer even today, was born January 19, 1809, and died October 7, 1848. During his life time, Poe had written sixty-six short stories and seventy poems, and his writing was inspired by a dark past. Poe’s mother died of tuberculosis after his father abandoned them. Then, while living with a foster family, his foster mother died and his foster father disliked him. These events caused Poe to have a particular style of writing and in each of these a reader is able to see similarities between the characters, theme, setting, and Poe’s use of symbolism. In ‘The Cask of Amontillado’, ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ and ‘The Fall of the House of Usher’ a reader can make these connections and see how Edgar Allan Poe put his feelings into words. Every story has its characters. In Poe’s stories the characters have similar states of mind. In ‘The Cask of Amontillado’ Montresor is obsessed with seeking revenge. For example, â€Å"At length I would be avenged; this was a point definitely, settled – but the very definitiveness with which it was resolved precluded the idea of risk. I must not only punish but punish with impunity.† He has vowed to get revenge, and he will not be caught. During ‘The Fall of the House of Usher’ Roderick talks about his oversensitivity. â€Å"He suffered much from a morbid acuteness of the senses; the most insipid food was alone endurable; he could wear only garments of certain texture; the odours of all flowers were oppressive; his eyes wereShow MoreRelatedThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe888 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe In ?The Cask of Amontillado?, Edgar Allan Poe takes us on a trip into the mind of a mad man. Poe uses certain elements to convey an emotional impact. He utilizes irony, descriptive detail of setting, and dark character traits to create the search of sinful deceit. Poe also uses first person, where the narrator is the protagonist who is deeply involved. The purpose is to get the reader to no longer be the observer. He wants them to see with MontressorRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe836 Words   |  3 Pagesqualities in the story. In the story many things are used as symbols such as the actual cask of amontillado, the trowel, the jester costume and the setting in which there is two in the story. Another literary technique used significantly in the story is irony. Irony is the expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite. In the short story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† Montresor a very troubled man who plans to seek revenge on another man named FortunatoRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words   |  6 PagesWhat makes Edgar Allan Poe work unique? Other than being a strange individual, Poe has become a remarkable literature writer. The Raven, Annabel Lee, and The Cask of Amontillado are just a few of Poe’s work that staples the theme of gothic literature. This essay will allow you to see the gothic elements Edgar Allan Poe uses through his most common poems. Gothic literature has many elements which play into its definition. The actual definition is a style of writing that is characterized by elementsRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe906 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† was written in 1846, by Edgar Allan Poe. Born in 1809, Poe never knew any of his parents. At the age of three, his mother died of tuberculosis, and his father deserted the family before he was born. Taking care of him was his foster parents in Richmond, Virginia. They loved Poe, but were not supportive of his decisions and kept Poe poor. Having debt and not being able to provide food and clothes for himself caused Poe to quit school. Later, heRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe920 Words   |  4 Pageswhen that trust no longer exists? In â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe, Fortunato is about to find the answer to this question. On the surface, Montresor seems friendly with Fortunato, but deep down he feels nothing but hate for him. Could this hatred have an irrationality that only Montresor understands? In different ways, both of these men are proud and affluent, yet both have downfalls that will l ead to a tragic ending. Edgar Allan Poe’s use of language contributes to the understandingRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1555 Words   |  7 PagesIn his writing, Edgar Allan Poe has multiple uses of direct and indirect characterization. In The Cask of Amontillado, Montresor had rules such as â€Å"I must not only punish but punish with impunity. A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong† (Poe, 2). Poe used indirect characterization to show the reader that Montresor is an unreliable narrator because he justified hisRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1303 Words   |  6 PagesIn Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† the narrator recalls an extremely significant time in his life, and takes the reader along with him. Throughout the story, one experiences a perfectly planned murder which took place over fifty years ago, and still no one has discovered what truly happened to poor Fortunato as he was chained to a wall in a room that was then closed off, and torched to death due to all the nitre in the walls. As the story goes on, the reader can see some of Poe’s unfortunateRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe1076 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story, The Cask of Amontillado, written by Edgar Allan Poe is a story of terror and betrayal. Like many of Poe’s literary works, the story has a dark undertone with a theme of terror and depression. More than half a century ago, Marshall McLuhan argued that though Poe was fascinated by evil, the evil that he had in mind was not that of Calvinism, but that of the split man and the split civilization. In general, McLuhan was right, but in this instance Calvinism, and its God, provided a darkRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe707 Words   |  3 PagesIn the short story of The Ca sk of Amontillado, Edgar Allan Poe writes in first person point of view from the perspective of Montresor who seeks revenge against Fortunato. Montresor began to develop the perfect plan for revenge. During the carnival season, Montresor meets with Fortunato and decides to implement his plan carefully through irony. Poe s story describes the murderer s mind which has lived as a memory of Fortunato s death for fifty years. Poe uses different types of irony and symbolismRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado By Edgar Allan Poe985 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poe is a well known author of short stories and poetry from the 19th century. He is known especially for his stories of horror and suspense. The Cask of Amontillado is one of his more famous pieces. The story follows the narrator, Montresor, as he exacts revenge on Fortunato. Montressor draws Fortunato into the wine cellar where eventually he chains Fortunato to the wall and encloses him inside it. Throughout the story the narrator continually proves that he is not the most reliable source

Policy and Practie for Children and Young People Essay

Policy and Practice for Children and Young People Discuss the ideology underpinning policy and practice for children and young people and demonstrate an awareness of constructs of childhood and adolescence from either an educational or care perspective. â€Å"The idea of belonging and membership, being part of a community, is a basic human need. It’s one of the principles of our democratic society. We all have the same needs, we want to be loved, we want to have friends, we want to feel that we are making a contribution in our families, in our communities†¦.We learn about understanding what someone’s interests and point of view are by interacting with them. To include everyone is to open up those possibilities for learning and†¦show more content†¦Moreover, it can be argued that not much has changed since the medieval times. Children are being forced to grow up more quickly than ever and in our rush to make them independent, the ability for them to learn and mature is being taken from them. However, how children are being raised has changed dramatically, children would leave home in the morning and play all day, as long as they were back when the streetlights came on. No one was able to reach them all day, but the children were always ok. That â€Å"playing outside† also meant that they were getting plenty of sunlight and constantly topping up their Vitamin D levels. The exercise and their being outside also boosted their immune systems. Those children really had everything going for them. Children today are being raised without nature for a variety of reasons: the prevalence of television and video games, being two, but another significant reason is fear. Parents fear what is outside their front doors, violence, kidnapping, accidents and so they don’t allow their children to freely explore as was common one or two generations ago. As children get older, too much screen time can interfere with activities such as being physically active, reading, doing homework, playing with friends, and spending time with family. It has been identified that every child deserves the best possible start in life and support to fulfill their potential. A child’sShow MoreRelatedSocial, Emotional And Behavioural Difficulties2042 Words   |  9 Pagesdifferent areas of the field. After a brief analysis of the key documents that have led to the current position, this review will focus on three main areas that are consistent throughout a majority of the literature. These issues are: why SEBD arises in children; assessment of SEBD pupils and the development of SEBD provision. Although these areas are addressed separately, there is an inevitable overlap between the topics and other issues within the field. Literature identifies one of the most controversial

Legal Defenses free essay sample

If reasonable force us used against an Individual and there is a threat of imminent odily harm or death, and the individual defends themselves, that person may be acquitted of first-degree murder. To argue perfect self-defense, and have it result in a full acquittal the threat must be grave and the force used In response must be reasonable. With an argument of imperfect self-defense it will not result in a complete acqulttal, out most 11Kely a lesser cnarge sucn as manslaugnter. In tne case of imperfect self-defense, the offender uses more force than is necessary to diffuse the threat such as if the force was necessary to defend themselves but using lethal force was not necessary. When a person pleads not guilty by reason of insanity, the defense is arguing that the defendant has a mental defect that makes them incapable of forming the intent that is required to prove first-degree premeditated murder. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Defenses or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each state has different standards when it comes to establishing an insanity defense, and they examine whether or not the defendant understands that nature of their conduct at the time the offense was committed. The last is provocation which is not commonly used as a complete defense but can also reduce a first-degree murder charge down to a manslaughter conviction. Provocation uses the argument that the defendant was provoked and lost control and acted in the heat of the moment which undermines proof of intent.

Mississippi River free essay sample

She learned to set hens, and raise chickens, feed pigs, milk cows, plant and harvest a garden and carry every fruits and vegetables. She carried water nearly a quarter of a mile from well to fill her wash boilers in order to do her laundry on a scrub board. She also had to shuck grain, feed threshers, and shock and husk corn, feed corn pickers. In winter she sewed dresses, trousers and jackets for the children, housedresses, aprons for herself. She even made pillows from plucking each bird’s breast feathers, not only for her family but also for her relatives. Every morning and evening she milked cows, fed pigs and calves, cared for her chickens, picked eggs, cooked meals, washed dishes, rubbed floors. Apart from these works and household chores she had to look after her children. Even after her car accident and she was paralyzed she didn’t stop working. We will write a custom essay sample on Mississippi River or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From her wheel chairs she canned pickles, baked bread, ironed clothes, wrote dozens of letters weekly to her friends and children. 2. Why isn’t Martha Smith eligible for a death benefit? Martha smith was a very hard working woman who worked throughout her life to sustain or keep family going. She served her entire family and relatives doing all the household chores. But work done by her in home didn’t entitle her the dead benefit. She wasn’t eligible for the dead benefit because she never served for the state. And according to the government any job is considered work only when the person gives service to the country. The household work is still not considered a work by government. So; Martha smith is not eligible for the dead benefit. 3. How does government define work? For government a work done by a home maker to sustain or keep family going is not a work. Acccording to the government any work done by a person which gives service to a country and he gets wages for it and pays apart of wages as tax to the government is called work. Purpose and audience 1. What is the essay’s thesis? Why do you suppose it is never explicitly stated? Thesis-a woman who works all her life day and night is not regarded as work or not entitled for a death benefit. Thesis is not explicitly stated as it is not mentioned in the introduction part or in the conclusion part. 2. This essay appeared in ms magazine and other publications whose audiences are sympathetic to feminist goals? Could it just as easily have appeared in the magazine whose audience was not? Explain. This essay is mainly focused towards the feminist side but the fact is that it also has a human appeal that suits everyone to read it and also understand exactly the same way as a woman could feel . The mother represents the whole of the women side. It is suitable for the non-feminist readers as well. It could have been published in the other magazines also. While reading this essay we could visualize Martha smith as our own mother. Even our mother works rigorously as her. 3. Smith Yackel mentions relatively little about her father in the essay. How can you account for this? The essay, â€Å"My mother never worked† is written by Yackel and this essay is a tribute to her mother. She has mainly written about her mother who worked rigorously throughout her life to sustain her family. She hasn’t mentioned about her father as she wants to divert all the reader’s attention towards her mother. She wants all the readers to know and recognize how hard a mother works for her children or family throughout her life. And even though she had worked so much she isn’t eligible for the death benefit. Style and structure 1. Is the title effective? If so, why? If not, what title can you suggest? The title my mother never worked is very effective. The thesis of the essay is the topic itself. The author’s mother is a hard working woman who has served her family throughout her life doing all sorts of household chores. This essay has an ironical meaning. And due to this it grabs the attention of the reader’s . The first impression of the reader after reading the title is that the mother might be lazy. But after reading the whole essay we come to know that her mother worked hard for her children and family throughout her life. 2. Smith Yackel could have outlined her mother’s life without framing it with the telephone conversation. Why do you think she includes this frame? The essay starts with the telephone conversation the writer could have outline her mother’s life without framing it with the telephone conversation but the writer has included the telephone conversation to make the essay more interesting and effective. If she had started the essay normally then the impression and impact upon the reader’s would not have been so strong. 3. What strategies does Smith Yackel use to indicate the passing of time in her narrative? The passing of the time is clearly mentioned by the writer by mentioning the date or the year. . This narrative piles details one on the top of another almost like a list. Why does the writer list so many details? The writer has written the events in a chronological order. He piles the events one on top of another like a list. This is because the chores done by her mother is continuous and repetitive in nature. Therefore she has mentioned dates to make readers know that she d id all the works in every event or throughout her life even though she was financially secure. 5. In paragraphs 20 and 21, what is accomplished by the repetition of the word ‘still’? In paragraph 20 and 21; By the repetition of the word ‘still’ , the writer wants the readers to know that her mother worked day and night continuously throughout her life. Even after she got paralyzed due to the car accident or war she didn’t stop working. Vocabulary projects Scrounge-to get or trying to get something by asking and without praying for it Shuck-to remove the covering of the grains Shock-to shake violently Husk-to remove the outer covering of the grains, nuts or corns Rutted-the deep tracks that have been made by wheels Reclaimed-to get something which you have lost again Flax-a plant with blue flowers. Its stem is used to make thread, rope and cloth and seeds are used for making linseed oil Fodder-food given to the cows, horses and other animals Intricate-having lots of part and small details that fit together Sustenance-means of support 2. Try submitting equivalent words for those italicized in this sentence: He wooded her thoroughly and persistently by mail, and though she reciprocated all his feeling for her, she dreaded marriage†¦ He attracted her completely and continuously by the letters and though she responded all the feeling for her, she feared marriage. How do your substitutions change the sentence’s meaning? Even though the meaning of both the sentences is the same, the charm of the first sentence is gone. The beauty of the words presented by the writer is lost and the sentence is even not effective as the first one. 4. Throughout her narrative, Smith Yackel uses concrete, specific verbs. Review her choice of verbs, particularly in paragraphs 13-24, and comment on how much verbs serve the essay’s purpose. The writer uses concrete and specific verbs in the essay. Some of the used by her are plucked, stuffed and harvested. The essay’s main purpose is to make the readers know what kind of tasks her mother did throughout her life. Journal entry Do you believe homemakers should be entitled to social security death benefits? Explain. I believe homemakers should be entitled to the social security death benefits. According to the law of government any job or work done by a person is considered as work only when he gives his service to the country and expects wages from it and pays a part of it as a tax to government. The work or household chores done by house makers to sustain their family is not considered work. Federal law entitles with social security death benefits to only those who, in the eyes of state, worked during their life. Here ‘worked’ means a job or trade done in a legal manner or work that can be recognized in terms of documents. Unfortunately the work done by Martha smith did all her life do not fall under this criterion. Therefore she isn’t eligible for social security death benefits. But by saying this we can’t ignore the fact that she did almost everything she could do to earn her family’s living. Like Martha smith there are numerous women in the country who dedicate their whole life for family and children. Such work can’t be presented on a paper or tax clearance certificates or a salary cheques. Works like domestic chores, poultry, farming, and small vegetable gardens, sewing etc don’t get recognized or authorized â€Å"work† document. But these are the works people can live their whole life on. Their work can’t be ignored by just saying that their work is not a work in the eyes of state. They deserve to be entitled for social security benefits and their work should be appreciated by the state. Writing workshop 1. If you can, interview one of your parents or grandparents (or another person you know who might remind you of Donna Smith-Yackel’s mother about his or her work, and write a chronological narrative based on what you learn. Include a thesis statement that your narrative can support. I was sitting alone, looking at the sky. It was clear, blue and high. I was in my own world, lost in my own imagination. Suddenly, my grandmother came from behind and asked what I am doing. I said that I am looking at the beautiful clear and blue sky. I told her that I want to go there and asked her whether it is easy to reach there. She said it’s not so easy to reach there, not at least when the journey up to heights is your life. You have to struggle a lot to reach there.

Terrorist Attacks 911 Essay Example

Terrorist Attacks 911 Essay Example Terrorist Attacks 911 Essay Terrorist Attacks 911 Essay The September 11 attacks were a series of suicide attacks by Al-Qaeda upon the United States. On the morning of the attacks 19 of Al-Qaeda’s terrorists hijacked four jet airliners. The hijackers then crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center, killing everyone on board and many of those who were working in the buildings. Both of the buildings collapsed within two hours of the collisions. Because of the collapse nearby buildings were damaged, even destroyed. The hijackers crashed the third airplane into the Pentagon which is located in Arlington, Virginia. The fourth plane was crashed into a field near Shanksville in Pennsylvania after some of its passengers attempted to retake control of the plane. Unfortunately there were no survivors from any of the flights. Among the 2752 victims who died in the attacks on the World Trade Center were 343 firefighters and 60 police officers from New York City. Over one hundred people were killed in the attacks on the Pentagon. The majority of casualties were civilians, including nationals of over seventy countries. There was also at least one secondary death; one person was examined to have died from lung disease due to the dust from the collapsed World Trade Center. The United States responded to the attacks by launching the â€Å"War on Terror†. Invading Afghanistan to depose the Taliban. Many other countries also strengthened their anti-terrorism by expanding law enforcement powers. Some American stock exchanges stayed closed for the rest of the week following the attacks, and posted enormous losses when reopening. Especially in the airline industries. The destruction of billions of dollars worth caused serious damage to the economy of Lower Manhattan.

Nutritional Habits of College- Age Students essays

Nutritional Habits of College- Age Students essays In many studies it has been stated that college age students are more likely to pick up a few pounds during their stint in school. The research conducted in this study will be used to determine the nutritional awareness of college students. In this study females will be compared to males to determine if there is a difference in the their levels of nutritional awareness. Initially the researcher thought that female group would have higher nutritional awareness than that of the male group. Although females scored higher on some of the questions asked, the researcher found that there was no particular difference between the two groups in regards to Weight gain is so common during the first year of college that there's a name for it: "The Freshman 15". It pops up a lot in campus conversation, and new students swear it won't happen to them. Yet, when summer vacation rolls around next year, many will be buying their jeans a size or two larger. This researcher thinks living on campus (leads to) higher weight gain rates, because you don't have your mom cooking dinner and healthy meals for you. Campus dining is a problem - there aren't many healthy options. Attending college for the first time represents a huge lifestyle shift that can result in the sort of 'sneaking' weight gain Oftentimes, they don't recognize the changes that are going to occur. There are two things that often add to the problem: Their activity level drops - if they were in a sport and don't continue that sport in college, they're going to see weight gain if their food intake stays the same. Furthermore, they're taking in the social scene, increasing food and beverage intake and to make matters worse, hectic schedules and late-night studying can mean losing track of body rhythms, eating according to convenience instead of appetite. Students will eat whatever is fast and available. At Alabama Agricultural and Mechanic...

I want you to do a literature review about how to bring and Essay

I want you to do a literature review about how to bring and maintaining a recruiting a staff of savvy and highly skilled - Essay Example Achieving the satisfaction of the business owners would mean that the best performers are rewarded for their efforts, and management efforts are appreciated as well. This is unfortunately, easier said than done. An organization has to compete with others in the marketplace and in the same or different industry, in order to attract, retain and keep the best employees on their payroll. At the same time, achieving the best fit for positions in different departments and at different levels of the organization is important. A good employee must not only have the proper skills and attributes for the job, he must be able and willing to perform his duties with responsibility and confidence, whether individually or as a member of a team. He must be a self starter but also willing to follow the instructions, dictates and policies of the organization. Where problems arise, he must be able to approach his supervisors and take their advice. In fact an open culture and collaborative friendly appro ach to problem solving have been the hallmarks of the best organizations (Peters & Waterman, 2004). Management by objectives and providing valuable feedback and guidance during interim and annual performance reviews can help the willing and able employee succeed and earn the respect of his peers as well as his superiors (Crosby, 1992). In today’s recessionary environment, organizations are cautious about hiring too many employees. Business has dwindled and consumer confidence is scarce. College and university graduates are having an increasingly difficult time finding and keeping jobs. It seems that the workplace is full of doom and gloom too, with a lot of directives to follow if one is to hold onto his or her job and make it up the career ladder. More and more of the work population are disenchanted with this state of affairs and the result is that the national unemployment rate of 10 percent in the USA is almost constant. The combination of consumer inertia and loss of con fidence in the system means that it will be some time before we overcome this crisis. This review will focus on how to attract and retain the best staff for the longest possible time by making HR a strategic partner in their lives as well as in promoting the objectives of the enterprise. We will be focusing especially on employee retention, workforce turnover, retaining recent graduates and young worker turnover. Employee Retention: How to Retain Employees in a Downturn   The effects of the financial crisis that occurred in the sub-prime mortgage sector in 2007 had spilled over and affected the rest of the world by 2008. It was really disastrous for most of the world’s economies, given that our financial and economic and trade systems are inexorably linked to one another like compartments in a beehive. Any problem that spills out of control can affect and contaminate the world’s economies in a matter of days or weeks. Since the USA is one of the world’s bigges t economies, its links through economic and trade relations would affect all of its trading partners in some measure, and that is exactly what happened. With the world’s major markets in a nosedive, the situation looked gloomy for a lot of world economies. Even now, most of the EU nations are looking

The Tortilla Curtain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Tortilla Curtain - Essay Example The increasing number of criminal elements in the neighborhood who create havoc by engaging in robberies such as the one that has left the Candidos with nothing to sustain their life, threatens to expose the immigrants’ safe haven to scrutiny by security and immigration agencies in the foreign land. In light of this potentially bleak future, Delaney’s character enables him to blend well within the society, at least temporarily. The cuts the image of a liberal individual with a clean driving record riding in a roadworthy Japanese car with unique registration details, before accidentally hitting Candido. My fear is that Delaney’s accident free driving record and his customized number plate, meant to attract the least of the public attention to his movements within the neighborhood seems to be compromised the moment his car rams Candido taking away his productivity. Delaney’s uncontrolled emotions also present a fearfully bleak future for him especially when he threateningly points a gun at Candido for causing a fire in the neighborhood. ... entially depicts the generosity of the owners of the food store and that of the donor customer towards members of the poor people in the neighborhood. The plot outlines the socio-economic and political gap between the higher-end and the lower-end segments of the society; and a concerted effort by some segments of the society to bridge it through business promotions and charity campaigns. (b) Even though the Mossbachers have secured an apartment inside the walled neighborhood with secure gates, they are depicted as having a fair share of their own unique challenges. The family is infuriated by the wrath of nature witnessed in the killing of one of their two pets by a coyote. Boyle’s narration of their agony in response to the dog killing incident is seemingly more unbearable to the couple than the suffering of fellow illegal immigrants, most of who are like the Candidos, who struggle to secure basic needs in vain (37). Candido and his pregnant wife are left with nothing after t he robbery incident, a situation that prompts them to scavenge at fast food shops. Question # 4 The US government’s deployment of millions of illegal migrants to various sectors to provide casual labor such in local farms, homes, construction sites, and food joints, and care facilities presents a moral dilemma as most of them fled their native countries due to unbearable socio-economic and political conditions. The resulting enactment of tough immigration laws that are aimed at excluding illegal aliens from doing government jobs has ethical repercussions as well. On the one hand, the aliens’ denial of government jobs in various sectors leaves them with the option to turn to fewer private investors and property owners for livelihood. The huge number of the undocumented aliens who run into

Stasiland Essay Essay Example for Free

Stasiland Essay Essay â€Å"This society, it was built on lies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Why does Funder find it so difficult to uncover the truth? In writing Stasiland, Funder is intent on finding out the truth of the East German regime. She interviews various people that either worked for the Stasi, or had a run in with them, in order to discover the facts about what really happened during the time of the GDR. Uncovering the truth becomes difficult for Funder, as she realizes that the entire operation was built on â€Å"lie after lie after lie. † The Stasi went to extreme lengths to cover up what was really happening to the people in their custody. The story of Miriam Weber includes different examples of the Stasi either lying about their actions or keeping them concealed. After Miriam attempted to climb over the Berlin Wall, she was interrogated and deprived of sleep until she told the interrogator a story about a fake underground escape organisation that told her how to get over the Wall. The Stasi could have then charged her for Deception of the Ministry, but they didn’t, in order to hide the fact that they wouldn’t let Miriam sleep, which was classed as torture. Another possible lie that the Stasi kept was the death of Miriam’s husband, Charlie. Charlie dies in Stasi custody and according to them he had taken his own life, but the Stasi could not tell her how he had hung himself. It was clear that the Stasi even ran the funeral agency, as they insisted that there would be no laying out of the body and that it will have to be cremated, as if to cover up and destroy the evidence of how Charlie really died. The Stasi went to a substantial amount of trouble to hide the truth. Funder finds it extremely difficult to uncover the truth. She hears the numerous stories of different characters, but some these characters don’t really know what the truth is, and others may be too scared to let the truth out. The victims of the Stasi don’t know how extensive the investigations into their own lives were, and the only way for them to find out is to read their own file, which has been destroyed. The people who were members of the Stasi seem to explain to Funder about what really happened behind the closed doors of the GDR, but they don’t reveal any truths that are not already known. They don’t want to expose who they are, or their secrets of how horribly intrusive and malicious they were, because they are scared of their victims getting revenge on them. This becomes clear when Funder goes to interview von-Schnitzler, to find that he has his wife’s maiden name on his door, rather than his own name.

The Character of Annie Essay -- Annie Essays

The Character of Annie Annie's character in this short story is represented as a girl who had spent her whole of her life previous to her marriage as a poor person. Then she married a young working-class man called Bob. Because she wanted to use Bob so she could escape from poverty. Annie married Bob so, so she could have an income. Bob's father called, Old Thompson, had lost his wife in winter. As a consequence of this, Annie and bob had to live with bob's father. Annie was pleased at first, but soon she started to feel resentment for Old Thompson. Annie soon realized that she could get rid of Old Thompson. So Bob didn't have to buy a house of their own. But what really Annie wanted was to get rid of Old Thompson and live a good life with a house of her own. She wanted to take advantage of Bob's father so she could take every thing, she felt he didn't need. Old Thompson lives in deep shock because of the death of his wife. One winter he sat on his chair in front of the fire and thought sometimes he went and took a walk on the park and sat on the bench with the su... The Character of Annie Essay -- Annie Essays The Character of Annie Annie's character in this short story is represented as a girl who had spent her whole of her life previous to her marriage as a poor person. Then she married a young working-class man called Bob. Because she wanted to use Bob so she could escape from poverty. Annie married Bob so, so she could have an income. Bob's father called, Old Thompson, had lost his wife in winter. As a consequence of this, Annie and bob had to live with bob's father. Annie was pleased at first, but soon she started to feel resentment for Old Thompson. Annie soon realized that she could get rid of Old Thompson. So Bob didn't have to buy a house of their own. But what really Annie wanted was to get rid of Old Thompson and live a good life with a house of her own. She wanted to take advantage of Bob's father so she could take every thing, she felt he didn't need. Old Thompson lives in deep shock because of the death of his wife. One winter he sat on his chair in front of the fire and thought sometimes he went and took a walk on the park and sat on the bench with the su...

Inequality: Education and High Income

There are gaps between the rich and poor. The world has income inequality, inequality of opportunity such as education, and environmental inequality. In Toni Cade Bambara’s short story, â€Å"The Lesson† she talks about social status and economic inequality. Most people do not have the same equal opportunities to be successful because of numerous social issues. The main social issue that Bambara wrote about in her short story is economic inequality is a big social issue in society. But this social issue inspires people to make a change and not keep repeating the cycle. Why does economic inequality exist? What causes inequality of opportunity? This paper seeks to define these questions and how it is important in society and its impact. To fix the main cause of inequality it must be taken care of early on in a child’s education. People that do not have a high income should be more supportive of programs that effectively involve, low-income students in school, and programs such as Head Start. These different types of programs in a child’s life can provide students with an early start in school and decrease privileged students. Tackling and fixing these problems from an early start is a primary solution that can create a small effect of great outcomes to solve the problem of educational disparities at the root of the cause. People can solve these types of problems in society as a community. People must change their mindset and actually support and work together for a better educational system. It is hopeless to try to create a change without first changing and questioning the way society thinks and functions. The way the educational department is established is not providing the results it should be having with students, and the way it is designed is not benefiting students equally, in fact, it is leaving many students behind. It is only by changing the way the education system functions that the people can create a better system more suited to improving the learning conditions among everyone equally. There are many reasons why inequality can be caused in society. It is caused by a person’s skin color, or the simple fact a person’s growth in overall income. Inequality is caused by just being born into. For example, if a person is born into a family that has wealth and assets they basically got a head start, verses someone that is born into a low income home. Families with wealth can pay for better education for their children which will open opportunities for them. On the other hand, people hat are born into a disadvantage home that cannot afford better education will most likely stay with a disadvantage. Education makes a difference whether a person has a high paying or low paying job. In Bambara’s short story â€Å"The Lesson† Sugar says â€Å"this is not much a democracy if you ask me. Equal chance to purse happiness means an equal crack at the dough† (Bambara, 362). Sugar expresses that people with high income buys toys that cost more than th eir home income. The people that can afford toys that cost $300-$1,000 obviously have a good job which came from a good education. But if schools in low income communities do not educate like schools in high income communities, the low income schools do not have the same opportunities as the high income schools. Sounds like environmental inequality. People get what their environment hands them, which is bad education, low paying jobs and small income. Equal opportunity is a law that all people should be treated the same. It is not an equal opportunity if a person cannot go to a better school to get a better education to make a better income because they do not have enough money for that better school. Inequality of outcomes often goes hand in hand with inequality of opportunities, as poor people endure various forms of social exclusion, including unequal access to education and health care, high rates of youth unemployment of precarious work and an absence of social recognition. † (F Bourguignon) They say important jobs go to people most qualified, which is reasonable but if a person with a high income cou ld afford a better education that a person that could not afford a better education the job would automatically go to the person with the higher income. Does not seem fair, and it is probably hard to break that cycle. Economic inequality is a big social issue in society. Economic inequality is known as the gap between rich and poor, income inequality, and wealth differences. There are many reasons why inequality is caused such as, educational issues, skin color, or even wealth. Nevertheless, inequality does make people want to change. In Toni Cade Bambara’s short story, â€Å"The Lesson†, she expresses about a social problem in the world called economic inequality.

Discretionary Fiscal Policy

The effect of time lags in discretionary fiscal policy in the economic growth and development by the congress and the president captures a broad economic phenomenon. A discretionary fiscal policy is the level of legislative parameters which are used as action policies for providing stimulus for the effect of control of economic recession. However, the most adequate system of recession control using discretionary fiscal policy relate to an estimation of the most adequate time period with which such recession period is to operate in so as to provide the most lucrative legislative tools.(http://www. cbo. gov/ftpdocs/89xx/doc8916/MainText. 4. 1. shtml) However, a problem exists in estimating the most appropriate economic periods between the upswings and the downswings which the congress and the president is to apply such policies. Since discretionary tools are only used to wave out the problem founded by economy in recession, the relevant stimulus which is a applied for such control are only time constrained and functional if the estimated states of recession is still in occupation.However, a problem mounts on when other various economic shocks which cause time differential hits the economy leading to subjective sub-optimal controls by the discretionary fiscal policies. Since, the status of the economy is difficult to access in terms of its length/span and the states of capacity and economic implication, the use of discretionary fiscal policy would therefore become difficult. (http://www. cbo. gov/ftpdocs/89xx/doc8916/MainText. 4. 1. shtml) Either, time lags are sensitive variables in defining the scope of economic stability.Generally, time lags may cause preferential economic instability where such tools used to overcome their effects become negatively implicating. Either, economic recession is purely a bad state which would even compromise economic stability. At recession, the state of GDP in terms of aggregate supply and also aggregate demand are usually not at equilibrium. When the tools for economic recession become counteractive, the state economic stability is therefore compromised. Misappropriated time lags lead to disequilibria in the economic markets. Reference Options for Responding to Short-Term Economic Weakness. Retrieved on 11th March 2008 form, http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/89xx/doc8916/MainText.4.1.shtml

Why its Important to Write Right in the Legal Profession †And 5 Common Writing Pitfalls to Avoid

Why its Important to Write Right in the Legal Profession – And 5 Common Writing Pitfalls to Avoid The following article, by Brenda Bernstein, was first published on MyLegal.com. In a well-publicized case, a federal judge in Florida denied a lawyer’s motion (without prejudice, so he can re-file the motion) stating that it was â€Å"riddled with unprofessional grammatical and typographical errors that nearly render the entire motion incomprehensible.† Read the full article here: Judge Labels Lawyers Motion Nearly Incomprehensible, Marks Up Errors ABA Journal The judge highlighted the following problems, among others: Incorrect use of apostrophes. Typographical errors (using the word â€Å"this† instead of â€Å"thus† and the word â€Å"full† instead of â€Å"for†). Incorrect placement of periods and commas outside of quotation marks. Wrong word use (using the phrase the plaintiff â€Å"had attended on filing† this action, instead of saying the plaintiff had â€Å"intended† to file an action). One very long sentence. Don’t let this happen to you! If you write legal documents in any way, shape or form, it is absolutely essential to use correct spelling and grammar. In a famous case in England, a traffic ticket was thrown out because it was issued for illegal â€Å"stoping† instead of â€Å"stopping†; the alleged perpetrator had conducted no mining activities (â€Å"stoping† is a mining term) and so was found not guilty. I bet that police officer never issued another â€Å"stoping† ticket. Past or Present? One extremely common error I see amongst law students is using the word â€Å"lead† to mean the past tense of â€Å"lead.† This mistake could get you in trouble, since the past tense of â€Å"lead† is â€Å"led† (with no a). You could be writing in the wrong tense! Example or Complete List? Another place you can easily convey the wrong meaning is with â€Å"i.e.† and â€Å"e.g.† When you use â€Å"i.e.† it means â€Å"that is† or â€Å"in other words.† The proper way to follow â€Å"i.e.† is with a definition or complete list. For example: The defendant was charged with illegal stoping, i.e., mining activity. â€Å"E.g.† means â€Å"for example.† The proper way to follow â€Å"e.g.† is with a partial list of possibilities. For example: The motion was denied for bad grammar, e.g., typographical errors and wrong word use. If â€Å"i.e.† were used here, we would need to provide a complete list of the examples of bad grammar. (For a more thorough explanation of i.e. and e.g., read my post Common Grammatical Errors: Should You Use i.e. or e.g.?) Law or Liberty? Do you know the difference between a statute and a statue? Statutes are laws. Statues are sculptures. We have statutes of limitations and a Statue of Liberty. Don’t get these confused. You might want to remember the extra â€Å"t† for â€Å"time† when it’s a statute of limitations, or for â€Å"text† when it’s any written law. And you might think of following those statutes to a â€Å"T† (or 3)! Proper Punctuation: Periods and Commas Inside Quotation Marks To touch on one of the Florida judge’s beefs, periods and commas, in the United States, always go inside quotation marks, even when they are not part of the quotation, e.g., The defendant was arrested for â€Å"illegal stoping.† Although there are rare exceptions to this rule, they will probably not appear in legal writing (they are more likely to show up in technical writing). For a detailed discussion of this issue, see my blog post The Quandary of Quotation Marks ( ). Proper Punctuation: Apostrophes Many people incorrectly use apostrophes to make plural words. Don’t do it! Did you notice that the plural of apostrophe is NOT â€Å"apostrophe’s†? It is â€Å"apostrophes†! The plural words lawyers, judges, laws, statutes, DUIs and the 1990s do NOT take apostrophes. Use an apostrophe and then an â€Å"s† to make a singular possessive. The lawyer’s brief was riddled with errors. The judge’s ruling was final. Use an â€Å"s† and then an apostrophe to make a plural possessive. The five lawyers’ arguments diverged widely. All the county judges’ courtrooms contain the latest in audio-visual equipment. Put your apostrophes in the right place – and avoid annoying the judge. So Many Chances to Err! There are multiple ways to make writing errors in legal documents, and I have only covered a few. My most important advice is to proofread and proofread again! Get a second pair of eyes to check your work. If you have grammar questions you want answered, I will answer them to the best of my ability in the comments section of this blog. I look forward to hearing from you†¦ Happy writing!

Common German Folk Songs That Are Easy to Learn

Common German Folk Songs That Are Easy to Learn If you are a teacher, you know the educational value  that German folk songs offer its learners through their simpler vocabulary and vivid imagery. Further, they are more easily learned than poetry. However, if you are a German learner who has not been introduced to German folk songs, we invite you to take the opportunity to listen to them, learn them and yes even sing them - even if your attempt is only in the shower. Dont shy away from learning new vocabulary just because of the infantile connotation folk songs sometimes get. Youd be surprised at how rich the imagery can be in certain folk songs and the glimpse into German culture it offers. It has been proven countless of times that music can accelerate language learning, so why not take the plunge? Learning one folk song a week would add a breadth to your vocabulary  in no time. The following are some favorite German folk songs that are fairly easy to learn: This is a popular old German folk song that explains all the tasks that farmers need to do throughout the year starting with March. Lots of action verbs in this song that permit the learner to easily visualize and thereby learn quickly the meanings of these words.  Putting  pictures above the verbs would speed up the learning process of the song. Der Mond ist Aufgegangen This  German folksong  is very popular, sung by children, sung  at church, and heard  almost always when German folk songs are sung. It is a very versatile song for teaching German. The first verse is best suited for beginners, whereas the other verses lend themselves to intermediate students. It is also a great song for discussing symbolism and religion. This is a favorite folk song of teachers for introducing  bird names - fourteen in total! Also, wedding vocabulary is learned as the birds in the song celebrate a marriage. Die Gedanken sind frei The oft-repeated refrain Die Gedanken sind frei stays in your head. This a good song for discussion about freedom and human rights. Muss i denn This German song made popular internationally through Elvis is good practice for those German learners who want to learn  a little bit of southern German dialect. Dat du min Leevsten bà ¼st Now to practice some northern Plattdeutsch. This folk song is much harder to understand than Muss i denn, therefore it is more suitable for intermediate/advanced learners. Sah ein Knab ein RÃ" §slein stehn This folk song is a  good introduction to Goethe  for the advanced beginner. Written by Goethe in 1799, the poem Heiderà ¶slein (rose on the heath) was set to music by multiple composers. The version that is sung today was composed by Schubert. A lesson on rhyme and symbolism can be presented through this song. Kein schà ¶ner Land in dieser Zeit A very well-known folk song  in Germany,  sung often around  campfires as it is an evening song. Im Frà ¼htau zu Berge Many Germans would be surprised to know that this popular folk song  is  originally  from Sweden. It was translated in the early 20th century into German and was an instant favorite Wanderlied and has been so ever since. There have  even been parody spin-offs made from this song such  as  Ã‚  Beim Frà ¼hstà ¼ck am Morgen sie sehn and  Im Frà ¼hstau bei Herne wir blà ¼hen richtig auf. Grà ¼n, Grà ¼n, Grà ¼n   Today this  is regarded more of a childrens song sung in the primary grades. However, in the 19th century, it was known as a dancing folk song. This song  is perfect for  learning colors and job titles simultaneously. What I like most about this song is that you can insert your own color into the song and the accompanying job title associated with it.

Conseco Company Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Conseco Company Analysis - Research Paper Example The subsidiaries of the company provide life insurances, annuity and other products related to health insurance. The independent agents and the direct advertisements to the customers are used to distribute the products of the organization. The company acquired the Lincoln Income Life Insurance Company in 1986. The company purchased the GreenTree Financial in 1998 which was the largest financier for mobile homes. The objective of the company was to diversify into the financial services (Company Briefs, 2003). In the later part of the same year, the company purchased Colonial Penn, a life insurance company. The company got included in the Chapter 11 reorganization in 2001. GreenTree financial services were divested in the reorganization process and the company under consideration is now solely focusing on the insurance industry (Conseco, 2012). Industry Structure The production of economic goods as well as services within an economy is known as the industry. An industry can be classifi ed into three sectors namely primary, secondary and tertiary. One can also classify industries on the basis of size, raw materials and the ownership of the business. Primary industries involve direct extraction of the resources from the Earth while the secondary industries involves in the processing products delivered by the primary industries. The last type of industry is mainly involved in the provision of services. The firms dealing with the management, investment decisions as well as lending of money processes operates in the financial industry. The financial institutions can actually make money as their business. They are not engaged in selling physical products but offer financial services and fiscal expertise. The markets where no participants have the potential to have the market power selling a homogeneous product are regarded as competitive market. The number of the firms as well as size distribution of the firms within an industry is referred by the term â€Å"industry s tructure†. There may be ‘n’ number of firms. If there are large firms present in an industry there is lack of coordination among them. Therefore, the degree of competition rises with the presence of large number of firms within the industry. The size distribution of the firms is important from the business as well as the public point of view. If the size of the participating firms is small compared with the size of the industry, then the industry is said to be fragmented and otherwise consolidated (Jain, 2002). A form of market where the industry is dominated by small number of sellers is called oligopoly. Each oligopolist is aware of the market conditions as few sellers are present in the market. The decision of one firm can influence or are influenced by other firms. The responses of the participants of the market are taken into account in the strategic planning process by the oligopolists (Mang, 2011, p. 1). Competition in oligopolistic market can give rise to different outcomes. An oligopoly can maximize its profits by producing at the level where marginal revenue equals marginal costs (Krcilkova, n.d, p. 10). Monopolistic competition along with oligopoly constitutes the structure of imperfect competition. Firms that are imperfectly competitive offer many products. All wealth that fulfills the wants of consumers constitutes the wealth of a nation. Therefore, the aim behind expanding wealth is broadening the choices of the consumers is terms of quality, quantity

CRJ 422 Week 4 discussions 1 and 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJ 422 Week 4 discussions 1 and 2 - Essay Example Working with school administrations, community centers, rehabilitation centers and the juvenile courts, the career path will help in fulfilling my life term passion of impacting directly on peoples’ lives through offering expert opinion on how juveniles can be corrected and handled. This significant stride in choosing an ambitious career path must equally be attributed to concrete knowledge instilled in me through my study in Ashford University. In preparation for my final capstone project on juvenile violence and delinquency, I found it surprising at the escalating figures of the number of juveniles who are involved in criminal activities. The degenerating nature of the juvenile institution in the society struck me as an issue that demands immediate mitigation measures. Before beginning my research on the topic "juvenile violence and delinquency," I did not put into consideration the significance of drug abuse as a causative agent of juvenile violence and delinquency. Nevertheless, through the course of the research, I have come to realize that the position of drug abuse coupled with hopelessness among the youth has significantly led to the rise in incidences of juvenile violence and delinquency. Through analysis of criminal theories, I also came to realize that there is a lot the criminal and social justice system can borrow from the sociological, biological, economical and physiological theories of crime. Through the application of these theories and their recommendation, incidences of juvenile violence and delinquency can be reduced in the society. Biological theory for instance recommends a change in characteristics of a mother during pregnancy like avoidance of smoking to ensure that the baby is born to a healthy mental state while economic theory grounds on the need for economic engagement of the youth to prevent them from engaging

Week 4-Applied business research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Week 4-Applied business research - Assignment Example (2) The graph includes only two data points yet wants to argue that this is a trend caused by stricter enforcement.  Chance or random  fluctuation is inherent in nearly every human phenomena.  Two successive observations of anything are likely to vary.  Two observations do not make a trend. (3) The graph lacks context both in terms of a longer series of observations for Connecticut traffic fatalities and in comparisons with other states that, during this period, did not crack down on speeding. (4) The graph doesn’t take population  size into account.  The more people, the more drivers, the more likely you’ll have traffic fatalities.  Increases in fatalities may be an artifact of increases in the number of drivers.  Decreases may be an artifact of population decline. Based on the output table below, what percentage of districts with the fewest experienced teachers can be found among school districts that score among the highest third of all districts on a measure of the percentage of their students who pass standardized tests? What two additional percentages in the table above would you report in an edited table to support an argument that districts with more experienced teachers tend to be the highest scoring districts on standardized

The Waste Land Essay Example for Free

The Waste Land Essay T. S Eliot’s The Wasteland, whilst being laden with rich cultural references and allusions, is a confronting representation of re-establishment and rejuvenation across the entirety of a European post-war society. Eliot addresses the cyclical nature of life and death, encompassed by carefully crafted language and structure designed to disorientate the reader. The reader is offered an interpretation of human behaviour which is akin to all beings across the cohort of society, regardless of ethnicity or social class. There is realism to Eliot’s poetry that is confronting and unflinching, perhaps disturbing at times. While his poems are often filled with harsh imagery – imagery of death, despair and degredation –they are often indicative of his own perceptions of the changing environment around him during his time of writing, and are therefore somewhat genuine and personal. The Waste Land attempts to explore the necessity of rejuvenation in a society that Eliot considers to be tarnished and displaced, and has thus created a delicate balance between portraying a war-torn society where â€Å"the dead tree gives no shelter† and â€Å"the dry stone no sound of water†, and communicating the idea of renewal. As the poem progresses, references to season accumulate, and the reader is given a sense of cyclical, passing time. The reader is given anecdotes set in distinctly different seasons, whether they be â€Å"under the brown fog of a winter dawn†, or â€Å"[listening to] the sound of horns, which shall bring Mrs. Porter in the spring†. Such references remind the reader of two things; time is passing throughout the poem, and life is ephemeral, as can be seen in the dialogue: â€Å"That corpse you planted last year in your garden, Has it begun to sprout? Will it bloom this year? † A similar method is implemented by Eliot in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, where the prime focus of the poem is the passing of time and the complications that arise from its influence. Furthermore, The Waste Land draws on a wide range of cultural reference to depict a modern world that is in ruins yet somehow beautiful and deeply meaningful. Languages such as German, French and Latin are implemented alongside abrupt and unannounced changes of speaker, location and time, in order to convey the idea that there are no exemptions to Eliot’s interpretation of common human qualities and experiences. Conversely, social class is also explored – in part II of The Waste Land, â€Å"A Game of Chess†, Eliot juxtaposes a lower-class bar conversation with satire of the opulent, while endorsing – via the comparison of the two – the idea that sexual fulfilment is a critical element in feeling valuable and secure in the society depicted. Indeed, it was Eliot’s opinion at the time that too much emphasis was placed on the importance of fertility, aesthetic appeal and marital security – an idea which is also explored in Portrait of a Lady through the satirical portrayal of a fussing woman, who is described as sitting in â€Å"an atmosphere of Juliet’s tomb†. It could perhaps be considered that Eliot’s prime objective during the early years of his poetry was to paint a picture of the uncertainty and social decay that resulted from the aftermath of WW1 and perhaps even the from the end of the Edwardian era. Consequently, readers must look upon his unpoetic diction and lexicon and remember that he is attempting to create a new type of poetry which reflects the complexity of modern living. Often the sincerity and detailed imagery in Eliot’s work results from a lot of his speakers being vessels through which he expresses himself. It has been speculated that ‘J. Alred Prufrock’ and the speaker of Rhaspsody share the same concerns and characteristics as Eliot; often being solitary, neurasthenic, overly intellectual, and utterly incapable of expressing themselves to the modern complexity of the outside world.

Home Tech Essay -- essays research papers

The Toilet Yes...those tales you've heard are true. The toilet was first patented in England in 1775, invented by one Thomas Crapper, but the extraordinary automatic device called the flush toilet has been around for a long time. Leonardo Da Vinci in the 1400's designed one that worked, at least on paper, and Queen Elizabeth I reputably had one in her palace in Richmond in 1556, complete with flushing and overflow pipes, a bowl valve and a drain trap. In all versions, ancient and modern, the working principle is the same. Tripping a single lever (the handle) sets in motion a series of actions. The trip handle lifts the seal, usually a rubber flapper, allowing water to flow into the bowl. When the tank is nearly empty, the flap falls back in place over the water outlet. A floating ball falls with the water level, opening the water supply inlet valve just as the outlet is being closed. Water flows through the bowl refill tube into the overflow pipe to replenish the trap sealing water. As the water level in the tank nears the top of the overflow pipe, the float closes the inlet valve, completing the cycle. From the oldest of gadgets in the bathroom, let's turn to one of the newest, the toothpaste pump. Sick and tired of toothpaste squeezed all over your sink and faucets? Does your spouse never ever roll down the tube and continually squeezes it in the middle? Then the toothpaste pump is for you! When you press the button it pushes an internal, grooved rod down the tube. Near the bottom of the rod is a piston, supported by little metal flanges called "dogs", which seat themselves in the grooves on the rod. As the rod moves down, the dogs slide out of the groove they're in and click into the one above it. When you release the button, the spring brings the rod back up carrying the piston with it, now seated one notch higher. This pushes one-notch's-worth of toothpaste out of the nozzle. A measured amount of toothpaste every time and no more goo on the sink. Refrigerators Over 90 percent of all North American homes with electricity have refrigerators. It seems to be the one appliance that North Americans can just not do without. The machine's popularity as a food preserver is a relatively recent phenomenon, considering that the principles were known as early as 1748. A liquid absorbs heat from its surroundings when it evaporates into a gas; a gas release... ... alone are sold every day in North America. Ink feeds by gravity through five veins in a nose cone, usually made of brass, to a tungsten carbide ball. During the writing process, the ball rotates, picking up a continuous ink supply through the nose cone and transferring it to the writing paper. The ball is a perfect sphere, which must fit precisely into the extremely smooth nose cone socket so that it will rotate freely yet be held tightly in place so that there is an even ink flow. Although it sounds deceptively simple, perhaps the most amazing thing about ball-point pens is the ink. Why doesn't it just run out the end? Why doesn't it dry up in the plastic cartridge? Bic describes the ink as "exclusive, fast-drying, yet free flowing". The formula is, of course, secret. In the 19th century, writer and thinker Ralph Waldo Emerson expressed a fear that perhaps we all feel to some extent, that "things are in the saddle and ride Mankind". But with the help of good household reference books, friendly reference librarians, and helpful manufacturers only too willing to help consumers understand their products, we can at least get a rein on the technology in our homes.

Ajanta Caves Essay

Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra, India are a Buddhist monastery complex of twenty-nine rock-cut cave monuments containing paintings and sculpture considered to be masterpieces of both â€Å"Buddhist religious art†[1] and â€Å"universal pictorial art†[2] The caves are located just outside the village of Ajiná ¹ ­hÄ  in Aurangabad District in the Indian state of Maharashtra (N. lat. 20 deg. 30†² by E. long. 75 deg. 40†²). Since 1983, the Ajanta Caves have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Excavation of the caves began in the third-second century B.C.E., during the period when Dakshinapath was ruled by Satavahana dynasty, and activity at the complex continued until the fifth to sixth century C.E., when the region was ruled by Vakatakas. Both the Satavahanas and Vakatakas were followers of Brahmanism, but also patronized the Buddhist shrines. The walls, ceilings and columns of the caves were covered with complex compositions of the Jataka stories (the stories of the Buddha’s former existences as Boddhisattva), and ornate floral and animal decorations. The exuberance and richness of the painting suggests that the artists were accustomed to painting secular as well as religious works. The paintings have a natural fluidity, depth and volume not found in later, more stylized Indian art. Jataka tales from the Ajanta caves Ajanta Caves – view from ticket officeAjanta Caves in Maharashtra, India are a Buddhist monastery complex of twenty-nine rock-cut cave monuments containing paintings and sculpture considered to be masterpieces of both â€Å"Buddhist religious art†[1] and â€Å"universal pictorial art†[2] The caves are located just outside the village of Ajiná ¹ ­hÄ  in Aurangabad District in the Indian state of Maharashtra (N. lat. 20 deg. 30†² by E. long. 75 deg. 40†²). Since 1983, the Ajanta Caves have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Excavation of the caves began in the third-second century B.C.E., during the period when Dakshinapath was ruled by Satavahana dynasty, and activity at the complex continued until the fifth to sixth century C.E., when the region was ruled by Vakatakas. Both the Satavahanas and Vakatakas were followers of Brahmanism, but also patronized the Buddhist shrines. The walls, ceilings and columns of the caves were covered with complex compositions of the Jataka stories (the stories of the Buddha’s former existences as  Boddhisattva), and ornate floral and animal decorations. The exuberance and richness of the painting suggests that the artists were accustomed to painting secular as well as religious works. The paintings have a natural fluidity, depth and volume not found in later, more stylized Indian art. Jataka tales from the Ajanta caves Ajanta Caves – view from ticket office Horse shoe shaped Ajanta caves view from Caves Viewpoint some eight kms away Contents [hide] †¢1 Description and History †¢2 Dating of the Caves †¢3 Structure of the Caves o3.1 Cave One o3.2 Cave Two †¢4 Paintings †¢5 See also †¢6 Notes †¢7 References †¢8 External links †¢9 Credits Description and History The Ajanta Caves are a Buddhist monastery complex consisting of 29 caves (as officially numbered by the Archaeological Survey of India), located in a wooded and rugged horseshoe-shaped ravine about 3.5 km from the village of Ajintha, which is situated in the AurangÄ bÄ d district of Maharashtra State in India (106 kilometers away from the city of Aurangabad). Along the bottom of the ravine runs the Waghur River, a mountain stream. The caves, carved into the south side of the precipitous scarp made by the cutting of the ravine, vary from 35 to 110 feet in elevation above the bed of the stream. The monastic complex of Ajanta consists of several viharas (monastic halls of residence) and chaitya-grihas (stupa monument halls), adorned with  architectural details, sculptures and paintings that, even in their partially damaged state, are considered one of the glories of world art.[3] Excavation of the caves began in the third-second century B.C.E., during the period when Dakshinapath was ruled by Satavahana dynasty, and activity at the complex continued until the fifth to the sixth century C.E., when the region was ruled by Vakatakas. Both the Satavahanas and Vakatakas were followers of Brahmanism; nevertheless, they not only generated a liberal climate in which all religions could flourish, but also patronized the Buddhist shrines. The mention of a rock-cut monastery as the abode of the Buddhist monk Achala celebrated Buddhist philosopher and author of well-known books on logic, and the mountain range where it was located, the monastery being for certain Cave No. 26 and the mountain range, Ajanta ridge, appeared in the travel account of the Chinese pilgrim Hiuen Tsang, who visited India in the seventh century C.E. and stayed there for 15 years[4]. Nothing more was known of Ajanta before 1819, when some British officers of the Madras Army made a chance discovery of this magnificent site. They named it Ajanta after the name of the nearest village. In 1843, after a gap of 25 years, James Fergusson presented a paper to the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland and drew global attention to the site. The M adras Army deputed its officer R. Gill to prepare copies of the Ajanta murals. Gill worked from 1849 to 1855 and prepared 30 paintings, but unfortunately they were destroyed in a fire in 1866. The efforts to discover Ajanta progressed in two directions, the preparation of copies of the murals, and research on Ajanta’s other aspects. Mr. Griffiths, the Superintendent and Principal of Sir Jamshedji Jijibhai School of Art, Bombay, was at Ajanta from 1872 to 1885 with a team of his students, to copy its murals, but unfortunately most of these were also destroyed in a fire. Finally, Lady Haringham and a team of artists comprising Syed Ahmad and Mohammad Fazlud-din of Hyderabad and Nandalal Bose, Asit Kumar Haldar and Samarendranath Gupta of the Calcutta School, camped at Ajanta from 1910 to 1912 copying its murals. In 1956-1957 the Archeological Survey of India took up the project and authentic copies of the murals were prepared. In 1983, the Ajanta Caves were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Dating of the Caves The period during which Ajanta Caves were excavated stretches over eight- or nine hundred years from the third- to second century B.C.E. to the fifth- sixth century C.E. The caves reveal two distinct phases of excavation. Six of them, namely, caves 9, 10, 8, 12, 13, and 15-A (the last one was re-discovered in 1956, and is still not officially numbered), belong to the early period. Caves 9 and 10 appear to have been excavated during the second half of the third or the first half of the second century B.C.E.. The other four date from the first century B.C.E. However, Cave 10 is the earliest; it precedes even Cave 9 by at least 50 years. Caves 12, 13, and 15A of this phase are vihÄ ras (monastic halls of residence). During this period, Buddhism pursued the HÄ «nayÄ na doctrine, which initially prohibited the worship of anthropomorphic images of Buddha. Caves 9 and 10, the Chaitya-grahas (homes of the Sacred, monument halls) do not have anthropomorphic images of Buddha, though on th e faà §ade of Cave No. 9 such images were subsequently added. Around the first century B.C.E.Hinayana allowed the making of Buddha’s personal images. The shift from non-image to image characterizes other caves of this early phase, known as the Hinayana-Satavahana phase. Caves 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 to 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29 belong to the later phase, which began three centuries later, from the fifth to the sixth century C.E.. Buddhism had largely shifted to Mahayana doctrine and the region was ruled by Vakatakas of the Vatsagulma branch, who were also the patrons of these caves; this phase is usually known as Mahayana-Vakataka phase. As suggested by epigraphic records, Caves No. 16 and 17 were commissioned by Vakataka ruler Harishena (475-500 C.E.) through one of his ministers Varahadeva, who was posted at the site for supervising the progress, and a subordinate vassal of the area respectively. Ajanta had been a center of monastic and religious activities since the second- to first century B.C.E.; the embellishment of facades and wall spaces with paintings and sculptures continued all through. However, the excavation of the caves seems to have been suspended until the excavation of Caves 16 and 17. Cave 8 was long thought to be a HinayÄ na cave; however current research shows that it is in fact a Mahayana cave. Three chaitya-grihas, caves 19, 26, and 29, were excavated during the Vakataka or Mahayana phase. The last cave was abandoned soon after it was begun. The rest of the excavations are viharas: caves 1-3, 5-8, 11, 14-18,  20-25, and 27-28. None of the caves in the Vakataka phase were ever fully completed. Based on the archaeological evidence visible on site, the suggestion of Walter M. Spink that a crisis occurred when the ruling Vakataka dynasty suddenly fell out of power and forced all activities to a sudden halt, is increasingly gaining acceptance. Structure of the Caves The viharas are of various sizes, the maximum being about 52 feet. They are often square-shaped. Their designs are varied; some have simple and some have ornate facades, some have a porch and others do not. The hall was an essential element of a vihara. The early viharas of the Vakataka phase were not intended to have shrines because they were meant to be used solely as halls of residence and congregation. Later, a shrine set in the back wall of the vihara became a norm. The shrines were fashion to house a central object of reverence, often the image of the Buddha seated in the dharmachakrapravartana mudra (the gesture of teaching position). In the more recent caves, subsidiary shrines are added on the side walls, porch or the front-court. The facades of many vihÄ ras are decorated with carvings, and walls and ceilings were often covered with paintings. Most of the subjects of the paintings have been identified by the German Ajantologist, Dieter Schlingloff. Cave One Painting from Cave No. 1 Cave 1 The first cave on the eastern end of the horse-shoe shaped scarp, it is, according to Spink, one of the latest caves to have begun on site and brought to near-completion in the VÄ kÄ Ã… £aka phase. Although there is no epigraphic evidence, it has been proposed that the VÄ kÄ Ã… £aka king Harisena may have been the benefactor of this better-preserved cave. This cave has an elaborate carving on its facade with relief sculptures on entablature and fridges, depicting scenes from the life of the Buddha as well as a number of decorative motifs. A two-pillared portico, visible in nineteenth-century photographs, has since perished. The cave has a front-court with cells fronted by pillared vestibules on either side, and a porch with simple cells on both ends. The absence of pillared vestibules on the ends suggest that  the porch was not excavated in the latest phase of Ajanta, when pillared vestibules had became the norm. Most areas of the porch were once covered with murals, of whi ch many fragments remain. There are three doorways: a central doorway and two side doorways, and two square windows carved between the doorways to brighten the interiors. Each wall of the hall inside is nearly 40 feet long and 20 feet high. A square colonnade of 12 pillars inside supports the ceiling and creates spacious aisles along the walls. A shrine carved on the rear wall houses an impressive seated image of the Buddha, his hands in the dharmachakrapravartana mudra (position). There are four cells on each of the left, rear, and the right walls. The walls are covered with paintings in a fair state of preservation, depicting mostly didactic, devotional, and ornamental scenes from the Jataka stories (the stories of the Buddha’s former existences as Boddhisattva), the life of the Gautam Buddha, and those of his veneration. Cave Two Painting, Cave No. 2 (?) Painting from the Ajanta caves Ajanta Caves Ajanta Caves Cave 2, adjacent to Cave 1, is known for the paintings that have been preserved on its walls, ceilings, and pillars. It resembles Cave 1 and is in a better state of preservation. The porch and the facade carvings are different, and the cave is supported by robust ornamented pillars, but the size and ground plan have many aspects in common with the first cave. The front porch has of cells supported by pillared vestibules on both ends; porch-end cells, which provided more room, symmetry, and beauty, became a trend in all later Vakataka excavations. The paintings on the ceilings and walls of this porch have been widely published. They depict the Jataka tales that are stories of the Buddha’s life in former existences as Bodhisattva. The porch’s rear wall has a doorway in the center, which allows entrance to the hall. On either side of the door is a square-shaped window to brighten the interiors. Four colonnades arranged in a square support the ceiling; the  capitals are carved and painted with various decorative themes that include ornamental, human, animal, vegetative and semi-divine forms. The paintings covering the walls and ceilings are eroded and fragmentary at various places. Painted narratives of the Jataka tales are depicted on the walls in such a way that a devotee walking through the aisles between the colonnades and the wall would be able to â€Å"read† about the Buddha’s teachings and life through successive births. Paintings The Ajanta Cave paintings are the earliest and most important wall paintings in India and are particularly significant because all other forms of painting, such as palace murals and painting on wood, cloth or palm-leaf from before about 1000 C.E. have not survived. [5] The technique and process used to create the Ajanta cave paintings are unlike any other artwork found in the art history of other civilizations, and are unique within the history of South Asian art. The walls, ceilings and columns of the caves were covered with complex compositions of the Jataka stories and ornate floral and animal decorations. The paintings depict a universe in which aristocratic men and women dwell in harmony with an abundant nature. The exuberance and richness of the painting suggests that the artists were accustomed to painting secular as well as religious works. The process of painting involved several stages. First, the rock surface was chiseled to make it rough enough to hold a plaster made of c lay, hay, dung and lime over a clay under-layer. Differences are found in the ingredients and their proportions from cave to cave. While the plaster was still wet, the drawings were outlined and the colors applied. The wet plaster had the capacity to soak up the color so that the color became a part of the surface and would not peel off or decay easily. The colors were referred to as ‘earth colors’ or ‘vegetable colors.’ Various kinds of stones, minerals, and plants were used in combinations to prepare different colors. The paint brushes used to create the artwork were made from animal hair and twigs. The outline drawing has a fluency and vigor not found in later Indian painting. Modeling and highlights, as well as spatial recession are used to accentuate the volume of the figures. The latest paintings show some of the highly-stylized, flatter qualities of paintings from the succeeding centuries. Sculptures were often covered with stucco to give them a fine finish and lustrous  polish. The stucco had the ingredients of lime and powdered sea-shell or conch. The latter afforded exceptio nal shine and smoothness. In cave upper 6, where some of it is extant, the smoothness resembles the surface of glass. See also The Ajanta Caves (Ajiá ¹â€¡Ã¡ ¹ ­hÄ  leni; Marathi: à ¤â€¦Ã  ¤Å"à ¤ ¿Ã  ¤â€šÃ  ¤  Ã  ¤ ¾ à ¤ ²Ã  ¥â€¡Ã  ¤ £Ã  ¥â‚¬) in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India are 30 rock-cut cave monuments which date from the 2nd century BCE to the 600 CE. The caves include paintings and sculptures considered to be masterpieces of Buddhist religious art (which depict the Jataka tales)[1] as well as frescos which are reminiscent of the Sigiriya paintings in Sri Lanka.[2] The caves were built in two phases starting around 2nd century BCE, with the second group of caves built around 600 CE.[3] It is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India.[4] Since 1983, the Ajanta Caves have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The caves are located in the Indian state of Maharashtra, near Jalgaon, just outside the village of Ajiná ¹ ­hÄ  (20 °31†²56†³N 75 °44†²44†³E). Caves are only about 59 kilometers from Jalgaon Railway station (on Delhi – Mumbai, Rail line of the Central railways, India); and 104 kilometers from Aurangabad (from Ellora Caves 100 Kilometers). Contents [hide] †¢1 First period †¢2 Second period †¢3 Rediscovery by Europeans †¢4 Cave One †¢5 Cave Two o5.1 The facade o5.2 The porch o5.3 The hall o5.4 The paintings †¢6 Cave Four †¢7 See also †¢8 References †¢9 Literature †¢10 External links [edit]First period According to Spink (2006), the first phase was the construction of sanctuaries (known as chaytia-grihas) built during the period 100 BCE to 100 CE, probably under the patronage of the Satavahana dynasty (230 BCE – c. 220 CE) in the canyons of the Waghora River. The caves 9, 10, 12 and 15A were constructed during this period.[5] Murals preserved from this time belong to the oldest monuments of painted art in India. Bird’s eye view of Ajanta Caves. [edit]Second period Ajanta Caves, map Scholars disagree about the date of the Ajanta Caves’ second period. For a time it was thought that the work was done over a long period from the fourth to the 7th century AD, but recently long-time researcher Walter M. Spink declared that most of the work took place over short time period, from 460 to 480 CE, during the reign of Emperor Harishena of the Vakataka dynasty. Some 20 cave temples were simultaneously created, for the most part viharas: monasteries with a sanctuary in the structure’s rear centre. Each of cave temples seem to be patronised by influential authority, numerous best available artists have been involved in the work with fruitful rivalry between the neighbouring construction sites.[6] According to Spink, the Ajanta Caves appear to have been abandoned shortly after the fall of Harishena c. 480 CE. Since then, these temples have been abandoned and gradually forgotten. During the intervening centuries, the jungle grew back and the caves were hidden, un visited and undisturbed.[7] [edit]Rediscovery by Europeans On 28 April 1819, a British officer for the Madras Presidency, John Smith, of the 28th Cavalry, while hunting tiger, accidentally discovered the entrance to one of the cave temples (Cave No. 10) deep within the tangled undergrowth. Exploring that first cave, long since a home to nothing more than birds and bats and a lair for other, larger, animals, Captain Smith scratched his name in on one of the pillars. Still faintly visible, it records his name and the date, April 1819. Since he stood on a five foot high pile of rubble collected over the years, the inscription is well above the eye-level gaze of an adult.[8] Shortly after this discovery, the Ajanta Caves became renowned for their exotic setting, impressive architecture, historic artwork, and long-forgotten history. [edit]Cave One Painting of Padmapani and Vajrapani from Cave No. 1 Porch of cave no. 1. Ajanta Caves The first cave was built on the eastern end of the horse-shoe shaped scarp. According to Spink, it is one of the latest caves to have begun on site and brought to near-completion in theVÄ kÄ Ã… £aka phase.[clarification needed] Although there is no epigraphic evidence, it has been proposed that the VÄ kÄ Ã… £aka Emperor Harishena may have been the benefactor of this better-preserved cave. A dominant reason for this is that Harisena was not involved initially in patronizing Ajanta. This cave has one of the most elaborate carvings on its facade with relief sculptures on entablature and ridges. There are scenes carved from the life of the Buddha as well as a number of decorative motifs. A two pillared portico, visible in the 19th-century photographs, has since perished. The cave has a front-court with cells fronted by pillared vestibules on either side. These have a high plinth level. The cave has a porch with simple cells on both ends. The absence of pillared vestibules on the ends suggest that the porch was not excavated in the latest phase of Ajanta when pillared vestibules had become a necessity and norm. Most areas of the porch were once covered with murals, of which many fragments remain. There are three doorways: a central doorway and two side doorways. Two square windows were carved between the doorways to brighten the interiors. Each wall of the hall inside is nearly 40 feet (12 m) long and 20 feet (6.1 m) high. Twelve pillars make a square colonnade inside supporting the ceiling, and creating spacious aisles along the walls. There is a shrine carved on the rear wall to house an impressive seated image of the Buddha, his hands being in the ‘dharmachakrapravartana mudra. There are four cells on each of the left, rear, and the right walls. The  walls are covered with paintings in a fair state of preservation. The scenes depicted are mostly didactic, devotional, and ornamental. The themes are from the Jataka stories (the stories of the Buddha’s former existences as Bodhisattva), the life of the Gautama Buddha, and those of his veneration. [edit] Cave Two Ajanta Caves ï‚ § Painting, cave no. 2. ï‚ § Painting from the Ajanta Caves. ï‚ § A section of the mural at Ajanta in Cave No 17, depicts the ‘coming of Sinhala’. The prince (Prince Vijaya) is seen in both of groups of elephants and riders. ï‚ §The consecration of KingSinhala (Prince Vijaya) (Detail from the Ajanta Mural of Cave No 17). ï‚ § Entrance of cave no. 9. ï‚ § Lord Buddha in preaching pose flanked by Bodhisattvas, Cave 4, Ajanta. Cave 2, adjacent to Cave 1, is known for the paintings that have been preserved on its walls, ceilings, and pillars. It looks similar to Cave 1 and is in a better state of preservation. The facade Cave 2 has a porch quite different from Cave one. Even the facade carvings seem to be different. The cave is supported by robust pillars, ornamented with designs. The size and ground plan have many things in common with the first cave. The porch The front porch consists of cells supported by pillared vestibules on both  ends. The cells on the previously â€Å"wasted areas† were needed to meet the greater housing requirements in later years. Porch-end cells became a trend in all later Vakataka excavations. The simple single cells on porch-ends were converted into CPVs or were planned to provide more room, symmetry, and beauty. The paintings on the ceilings and walls of this porch have been widely published. They depict the Jataka tales that are stories of the Buddha’s life in former existences as Bodhisattva. The porch’s rear wall has a doorway in the center, which allows entrance to the hall. On either side of the door is a square-shaped window to brighten the interior. The hall The hall has four colonnades which are supporting the ceiling and surrounding a square in the center of the hall. Each arm or colonnade of the square is parallel to the respective walls of the hall, making an aisle in between. The colonnades have rock-beams above and below them. The capitals are carved and painted with various decorative themes that include ornamental, human, animal, vegetative, and semi-divine forms. The paintings Paintings appear on almost every surface of the cave except for the floor. At various places the art work has become eroded due to decay and human interference. Therefore, many areas of the painted walls, ceilings, and pillars are fragmentary. The painted narratives of the Jataka tales are depicted only on the walls, which demanded the special attention of the devotee. They are didactic in nature, meant to inform the community about the Buddha’s teachings and life through successive rebirths. Their placement on the walls required the devotee to walk through the aisles and ‘read’ the narratives depicted in various episodes. The narrative episodes are depicted one after another although not in a linear order. Their identification has been a core area of research since the site’s rediscovery in 1819. Dieter Schlingloff’s identifications have updated our knowledge on the subject. Some believe that the art work has erroneously been alluded to as â€Å"fresco†, rather than mural, and assert that the technique and process used to produce this kind of artwork is unlike any other artwork found in the art history of other civilizations, including within the history of South Asian art. Cave Four The Archeological Survey of India board outside the caves gives the following detail about cave 4 : â€Å"This is the largest monastery planned on a grandiose scale but was never finished.An inscription on the pedestal of the buddha’s image mentions that it was a gift from a person named Mathura and paleographically belongs to 6 th century A.D. It consists of a verandah , a hypostylar hall, sanctum with an antechamber and a series of unfinished cells.The sanctum houses a colossal image of Lord buddha in preaching pose flanked

Analysis of Language Essay

â€Å"Keyed in† published by Internet blogger Voxi is a persuasive article regarding the technological boom being experienced by not only today’s youth but by society in general. Published on May 23, 2009 on website Ctrl Alt â€Å"Keyed in† Voxi, contends that society and its members should herald the implementation of new technology and welcome it with open arms, contrasting the internet with great historical discoveries such as Darwinism and the reorganisation of the cosmos. The title itself has a double meaning, the first and most obvious of which is the literal keyboard associated with technology and the second refers to those who are keyed in to an ever-changing society and willing to move with it as opposed to be left behind. The article begins with a non-confrontational tone however throughout Voxi begins to show a more compelling tone. Accompanying Voxi’s article is a picture of a human head withholding a microchip that projects multiple layers, th e main point of this is to make the reader think about how technology has been embedded into the core of society and implemented into every layer of the world today. Voxi’s contention is pro digital technology and is this is strategically withheld until the 5th paragraph so that readers will read on, curious of the writers contention Voxi continuously simplifies and exemplifies his arguments through metaphoric language, allowing for readers to fully comprehend his opinion whilst addressing the additional attention required. By contrasting people who embrace technology with â€Å"the grit [of] an oyster†, readers are initially made to regard individuals who accept change as stubborn, unwanted members of society. However Voxi diverts this analogy, positively presenting these â€Å"gritty people† by explaining how oysters â€Å"produce pearls†. Readers are allowed to distinguish the relationship between the beauty of pearls, with the accomplishments of those who wish to make â€Å"things better†, evoking gratitude towards these individuals who â€Å"ask questions†. Through the inclusion of television series â€Å"The Inventors†, Voxi aims his opinion piece towards those who enjoy witnessing the progression of technology into exciting ventures. By correlating the â€Å"gritt y people† with individuals who eventually enter the show, Voxi aspires to present readers with members of  society who wish to improve quality of life. As readers witness the potential benefits of change in their lives, they feel inclined to accept the alterations in all forms, including technology. Voxi introduces readers to the concept of beneficial change prior to his contention of digital technology being a great opportunity for humanity, as a way of creating susceptibility within readers towards accepting alterations in life. The writer promotes the â€Å"digital revolution† through a quick succession of psychological benefits, in that humans will â€Å"solve the riddles of the universe, find cures faster [and] find ways of preserving the planet†. By presenting a promising future, readers are encouraged to embrace such hope and reject the â€Å"boundaries of darkness†. Through using the comical term â€Å"homo supersapien†, Voxi introduces readers to a more relaxed aspect of his opinion piece, using a less eccentric tone to formulate the possibility of an advanced race of humans. The writer further explains how this superior human species will be capable of â€Å"ending war and violence†, exciting readers to the prospect of world peace. By expressing an aspect of world culture wished by all members of society, Voxi instruments his argument to appeal to reader’s humanity. However Voxi also notes to include the flaws in his argument, through the inclusion of a podcast which consist of the negative attributes associated with technology, such as â€Å"the digital world is a world†¦where nothing has meaning†. The podcast itself is efficient through repetitive language in â€Å"a world†¦Ã¢â‚¬  so as to emphasise the significance of technology on society. By demonstrating that he is unbiased towards the subject, the writer positions readers to be more accepting of his contention as they are exposed to both aspects of the debate, and so are allowed to establish an opinion on the issue themselves. By revealing both facets of the dilemma, Voxi gains readers trust as they are not mislead or withheld from information. The fear of privacy invasion is also addressed, in that Voxi offers relatively simple solutions to an initially complex problem. As a major concern in the development of technology is privacy issues, Voxi explains how â€Å"you can protest† and â€Å"get them removed† if worried. By confronting the  issue and proposing an answer reader’s trust in the writer is reinforced, as he has for the second time confronted a flaw in his argument. Voxi capitalises on this technique by proceeding to include the rhetorical question, â€Å"why wouldn’t you want it in your life?†, so as to impose a one-directional response from readers who proceed to feel pressured to comply with the writer’s contention. Voxi repeats this methodology when addressing the concerns of older readers, when he asks â€Å"What’s there to be afraid of?†. By yielding no obvious response, these individuals are inclined to consider Voxi’s answer and consequently accept it. The writer alters the form of writing to be more personal, by noting that â€Å"hot air balloons are always†¦looking into my windows too†. This is so as to subdue reader concerns for safety in light of technological advancements, by reminding them that he too is an ordinary member of society. By expressing his contempt attitude towards the risk involved with â€Å"digital revolution†, concerned readers are comforted and are less inclined to oppose the writer. Voxi later described individuals who reject technology as â€Å"losers†, implementing a direct attack on people who oppose his contention. Such action is done so as to direct readers to feel part of the majority, playing on the instinctual desire of humans to belong. The strategic placement of this assault at the conclusion of the opinion piece, infers that this last technique is aimed towards readers who are yet to comply with the writer’s argument. Through both inclusive and attacking language, the writer evokes compliance from readers, by allowing them to relate to him and feel pressured to accept the contention. By including flaws the writer gains reader support as they are not mislead and denied information, further reinforcing the argument that the â€Å"digital revolution† should be embraced, and without it you won’t be â€Å"in touch and connected†.